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I. Introduction

II. Notes for Running and using

III. How to:

1. Backup or Restore partition table

2.Create partitions:

a) To create a primary partition
b) To create extended partition
c) To create a logical partition

3.Activate partition

4.Delete partitions

5.Hide partitions

6.Configure partition parameters

7.Check parameters

8.Update partition table

9.View any sectors

10.Change hard disk

11.Date back

12.Rebuild partition table

13.Quick format

14.Resize partition

15.Clear Sectors

16.Surface scan

17.Rebuild MBR (Master Boot Record)

18.Copy sectors

IV. Appendix - About partition table

Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) is a powerful tool which not only allows you to manage your hard disk partitions, such as create partitions or delete partitions, but also allows you to hide partitions, format partitions, resize partitions and rebuild the lost partition table. So much as, it permits you to configure every parameter of the partition table. In addition,Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) provides some other useful functions, such as backup partition table, recover MBR(Master Boot Record), and so on.

You should run Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) under pure MS DOS environment, because partition operations are independent of operating systems and very "low level". Additionally, functions such as rebuilding partition table and resizing partitions can only run under pure MS DOS environment. Especially the rebuilding partition table function would frequently run after WINDOWS operating system has been damaged. Of cause, if you only want to take a look on the partition information and do not write to hard disk, you can run Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) under the MS DOS prompted window in WINDOWS 9x or WINDOWS ME. To execute Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool), just type "DiskGen" at MS DOS command prompt. Copying all files of Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) to a bootable floppy disk and running from it is a good idea.
When save partition table to hard disk, the master boot sector will be overwrote. So you should "Disable" the "Anti Virus" option in BIOS setup.
Generic partition tools can only do some basic operation such as creating, deleting or activating on partition table. And these operations are limited to FAT/FAT32 partitions. Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) broke these limitations. Using Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool), you can create many type of partitions. Moreover, you can set detail parameters of the partitions.
When running, the partitions circumstantiality will be displayed using chart and tables. The cylinder diagram in the left displays all partitions' position and size,and the status of free space (unallocated). The first partition of your hard disk is displayed at the bottom of the diagram. Partitions without gridding is primary(like drive C), and the partitions with gridding is logical( like drive D or E).
The type and other detail parameters of partitions are listed in a table on the right half of screen. About the meanings of these parameters, please refer to the appendix of "About Partition Table". A dynamic link line indicates the corresponding relationship between the partitions in the cylinder diagram and in the table.
Before operating on a partition you must select it first. To select a partition, just click on the partition in the diagram or in the table use mouse. And also you can use cursor key for selecting. TAB or SHIFT_TAB key can be used for switch between the diagram and the table. When you  select a FAT or FAT32 partition, the information of the partition will be displayed on the lower window (called message window) of the table. The free space on the diagram can also be selected use the same method.
In order to prevent mistakes, all simple operations like creating, deleting, activating and parameter configuring are not wrote to hard disk immediately. They are saved in memory buffer instead. While complete and there are no errors, you can send out a "apply" command use F8 key or select "Apply" from menu "Disk". Then Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) write all your operations to hard disk one-off.

Move cursor to the partition you want to activate, press "F7" key or select "Activate" from "Partition" menu. The partition type will turn red when the partition was activated.

 Move cursor to the partition you want to delete, press "Delete" key or "F6" key.

 Partition is a piece of disk space marked to belong to some operating system. Partition table is located in the first sector(cylinder 0, head 0 and sector 1) of every hard disk. It has information about sizes and locations of partitions on hard disk. The partition information is started on offset 1BEH of master boot sector. Each partition entry is 16 bytes long. The total partition table is 64 bytes long. Then partition table is limited to maximum 4 entries. That's, there are maximum 4 partitions, called primary partition, can be created on hard disk.
But many people want to create more than 4 partitions. The extended partition is designed for this. Master extended partition is a primary partition. Differ from other partitions, the first sector of extended partition is not a boot sector, but another partition table, called logical partition table.
Commonly, there are only two partition entries in logical partition table. One points to a partition, called logical partition. And the boundary of this logical partition must be limited in the extended partition. So the extended partition is more like a virtual disk. The other entry, if needed, of the extended partition table points to next logical partition table. Similarly, its boundary is limited in its parents extended partition. The next logical partition table may has two partition entries too. The one points to a logical partition. The other points to another logical partition table and the rest may  be deduced by analogy. Therefore, many partitions could be created in extended partition.

Now let us have a look on the layout of a partition entry.
The 16 bytes of one entry are as follows:

OFFSET BYTE DESCRIPTION
0 1 Boot label. Tell computer to boot from
this partition
1 1 Starting head
2 1 Lower 6 bits(bit 0 to bit 5) is starting
sector.
Higher 2 bits(bit 6 to bit 7) is the
higher bits of starting cylinder
3 1 The lower 8 bits of starting cylinder
4 1 Partition type
5 1 Ending head
6 1 Lower 6 bits(bit 0 to bit 5) is ending
sector.
Higher 2 bits(bit 6 to bit 7) is the
higher bits of ending cylinder
7 1 The lower 8 bits of ending cylinder
8 4 Starting sectors of this partition
12 4 Number of sectors of this partition

a) Boot label (offset 0):
Most disks have one primary partition, but some people want to have more than one operating  system on their computers and therefore, have to create other primary partitions. In order to tell the computer which operating system is ready to boot from, one "Active" partition is needed. That's why partition table always keeps an indicator of the currently "Active" partition - the one from which the computer boots. In Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool), the active partition is figured out by partition type with red color.
b) Starting position (offset 1-3):
Describes the partition's starting position, the cylinder, the head and the sector. Also called starting CHS.
starting head = (OFFSET 1) ;
starting sector = (OFFSET 2) & 0x3f ;
starting cylinder = (((OFFSET 2) & 0xc0)<<2)|(OFFSET 3);
c) Partition type (offset 4):
Indicate what file system is in the partition. For example, 06 or 0E indicates a FAT file system. 0B or 0C indicates a FAT32 file system. 07 indicates NTFS or OS/2 HPFS file system.
d) Ending position (offset 5-7):
Describes the partition's ending position, the cylinder, the head and the sector. Also called ending CHS.
e) Starting sectors (offset 8-11):
The number of sectors before this partition. If we count all sectors on hard disk sequentially from zero, this field will exactly point to the first sector of this partition.
f) Number of sectors (offset 12-15):
The total number of sectors on this partition. So the size of this partition will be (Number of sectors)*512/1048576 MB.

For convenience, the boot label and partition type displayed by Partition Disk Genius (Disk Management Tool) are in hex numbers and  other parameters are in decimal numbers by default. The menu item "Decimal View" or "Hex View" under "View" menu is used for changing between hex and decimal display.
To display the starting sectors and number of sectors values, just press F3 key or select "LBA View" from "View" menu.